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History Of Stock Market In Nepal


Securities history in Nepal starts when Biratnagar Jute Mill and Nepal Bank Limited floated their shares in the market. These two companies floated their shares in 1937. After almost 24 years, the company act was introduced in the country in 1964. The Government Bond was also issued for the first time in Nepal in the same year. After that, Nepal realized the need of securities Exchange Center to facilitate and promote growth of capital markets in the country. Several discussions were made one by one from the Government side as well as private side to finalize the modality of Exchange Center. In 1973, with the initiation of Nepal Government and Nepal Rastra Bank, securities Exchange Center Limited was established under the companies act. At the very beginning time, responsibilities of Securities Exchange Center were limited to undertake brokering, underwriting, managing public issues, creating markets for Securities and government Bonds.
 
Institutional development of capital market in Nepal started after the establishment of Securities Exchange Center (SEC). The Industrial Policy of the government also encouraged the promotion of securities exchange in Nepal. Nepal government under a program initiated to reform capital market converted Securities Exchange Center (SEC) into Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) in 1993 as nonprofit organization under Securities Exchange Act 1983. Similarly in the same year Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON) was also established by government of Nepal in June 7, 1993 as an apex regulatory body of Securities Markets. SEBON regulates the market under the Securities Act, 2006. Since the establishment of SEBON, it has been concentrating its efforts on the legal and statutory frameworks such as providing advice to Government on matters related with the development of capital markets, register the securities of public companies, issue necessary securities regulations and directives, issue license to operate stock exchange etc. Nepse has been working under the jurisdiction of the SEBON.
 
Introduction of Nepse
Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) opened its trading floor on 13th January 1994 after establishing under securities Exchange Act, 1983. Currently, NEPSE is the sole secondary market for listed securities of Nepal. It works in the issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments and capital events such as payments of income and dividends. The Board of Directors consists Nine directors in accordance with Securities Exchange Act 1983. Six directors are nominated by Government of Nepal and rest of the directors are from different institutional investors. The shareholder ownership structure of NEPSE comprises of Government of Nepal, Nepal Rastra Bank, Nepal Industrial and Development Corporation and Members.
 
Introduction of SEBON

SEBON regulates the market under the securities Act, 2006. The Governing Board is composed of seven members including Full time Chairman appointed by the Government for tenure of 4 years, Joint Secretary Ministry of Finance, joint secretary of Ministry of Law, justice and Parliamentary affairs, representative from NRB, representative from Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nepal, representative from federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industries and one member appointed by the Government from among the experts pertaining to management of securities market, development of capital market, financial or economic sector. The major financial sources of SEBON are the government grant, transaction fee from the stock exchange and registration fee of corporate securities.

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